Quark

Quarks are elementary particles that make up hadrons. They are one of the two types elementary particles that make up atoms, the others being the leptons, most importantly the electron.

The term quark usually refers to n-quarks, although antiquarks are also part of the quark family, forming the basis of antimatter along with anti-leptons like the positron. All quarks have spins of 0.5 and fractional charges, with antiquarks having equal and opposite charge to their n-quark equivalents.

There are only four types of quark (two n-quarks and two antiquarks) that are stable in nature: The up-quark and the down-quark, and their antimatter equivalents. These quarks combine to form protons and neutrons, the only two types hadrons stable in nature. Various other types of hadron can be stabilized using ligism, but to stabilize other types of quark, a more powerful force known as equilism is required.

Types
Quarks are divided into generations based on their mass. The "First Generation of Matter" consists of the up-quark and down-quark, whilst the higher generations contain equivalent quarks that are more massive, and the lower generations contain equivalent quarks that are less massive.

Up-quark
The lightest and simplest quark, the up-quark is a component of protons and neutrons, with a proton consisting of two up-quarks and one down-quark, and a neutron consisting of two down-quarks and one up-quark.

Down-quark
Down-quarks are slightly more massive than up-quarks, and the second component of protons and neutrons.

Charm-quark
A heavier analog of the up-quark

Strange-quark
A heavier analog of the down-quark

Top-quark
A heavier analog of the up-quark and charm-quark and the most massive and shortest lived of all quarks synthesized without equilism.

Bottom-quark
A heavier analog of the down-quark and strange-quark, and the second most massive of all quarks created without equilism.